General Fixed Resistors

Wire Wound Resistors

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Description
1(BWW) High Precision Wirewound Resistors
The new BWW series moulded axial leaded wirewound resistor from Token use high-purity alumina ceramic cores with wire winding which are spot welded by precision CNC machine tools to ensure total operational consistency throughout. Meets the standards of MIL-R-93.
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2(KNP-R) Power Resistors
Power precision wirewound resistor (KNP-R) meeting MIL-R-26E (U and V characteristics) and surface temperature (hot spot) 375°C max. KNP-R with a wide range of 0.01Ω ~ 82kΩ, covering applications from precision to power.
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3(KNP-VE) Vitreous Enamel Coated Resistor
Vitreous enamel coated wirewound resistor KNP-VE series, the element assembly is then protected by a coating or enclosure of vitreous enamel.
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4(KNP) Wire Wound Resistors
The KNP series has been designed to give enhanced pulse handling capability and increased flameproof protection. The series is RoHS compliant with Pb-free terminations, and KNP wire-wound series can also be supplied with radial, goalpost or lancet preformed leads.
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5(KNPN) Wire-Wound Non-Inductive Resistors
The KNPN series offers the expected performance of a wire wound non-inductive resistor with the added characteristic of vastly improved inductance, making it suitable for high-switching applications.
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6Wirewound Enameled Resistor Long Leads
The vitreous enamelled resistor (DRB16) is used to replace the traditional paint of the resistance body, and the resistance caused by the unbearable thermal stress "high temperature".
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7Power Wirewound Vitreous Enameled Resistors
Power Wirewound Enameled Resistor (DRB20) Is a cylindrical ceramic tube at both ends clips to fixed terminals. Widely used as brake resistors, bleeder resistors, aging resistors, brake resistors.
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Fusible Resistors

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Description
1(FRN) Thin-Film Fusible Resistors
Utilising a specially designed coating system formulated to aid fusing under fault conditions – Fuse Aid. Designers of small power supplies and battery chargers for consumer products can benefit from a fusible resistor with superior lightning strike and pulse abilities in a cost effective package.
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2(FKN) Wirewound Fuse Resistor - Fusible
Wirewound FKN fuse resistor is fusible and designed to meet where applications require high power dissipation. This device meets the requirements to withstand an inrush surge, and also a lightning strike, which is the ability of the resistor to fuse safely should a short circuit occur (for example if the bridge rectifier were to fail short circuit).
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3(FSQ) Ceramic Cement Fusing Resistor
FSQ ceramic cement fusing resistors are designed to meet where applications require high thermal dissipation. FSQ and FKN series often with special features to meet specific application requirements. Both of these parts have defined energy handling capabilities. Special versions can be produced to withstand customer defined pulses and/or to fuse during defined conditions of overload.
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4(FKU, FRU) Thermal Cut-offs Resistors
FKU, FRU series construct of cement resistor with thermal cut-offs fuse have to be specially selected to fail only under specific conditions of temperature and duration. This device has specially sharp fusing characteristics, low cost and easy handling for one box type, space saving type, excellent anti-surge characteristics.
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General Purpose Resistors

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Description
1(PGM) Light Dependent resistors / CdS Photoresistor
The cadmium sulfide (CdS) or light dependent resistor (LDR) whose resistance is inversly dependent on the amount of light falling on it, is known by many names including the photo resistor, photoresistor, photoconductor, photoconductive cell, or simply the photocell.
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2(RCR) Pulse Load Anti-Surge Resistors
Anti-surge resistor RCR series are made by metal glaze coating on the surface of a cylindrical substrate with excellent characteristics and stable at even high resistance range.
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3(CCR) Carbon Composition Resistors
Carbon composition resistor CCR series are excellent characteristic against high voltage surge current. Higher reliability for disconnection failure comparing to wirewound and film series.
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4(FMF) Power Metal Film Flame-Proof Resistor
The power of Flame-Proof Resistor (FMF) is rated at 1/4, 1/2WS, 1/2W, 1W, 2WS, 2W, 3WS, 3W, 5WS, 5W, and 7WS respectively. Standard values from 0.1Ω to 10MΩ are available, E24, E-96, and E-192 nominal standard series provides adequate "‘close value match" choice for designers.
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5(MF) Precision Resistors
Token offers a low-cost alternative commercial metal film resistor for precision applications. The MF series offers tight tolerances and low TCRs over a wide resistance range and are suitable for applications where long-term stability is paramount.
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6(RSS, RSN) Metal Oxide Resistors
Utilising a flameproof protection system to eliminate flame during fusing – Flame Brake. Metal oxide resistor has proved very effective in RCD (Residual Current Device) or GFD (Ground Fault Detector) protection circuits, due to their energy handling capabilities and overload withstand ability.
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7(CF) Carbon Film Resistors
Carbon film CF series are the earliest and a still popular type made by breaking down hydrocarbon gases at high temperature in a vacuum to form a carbonic deposit on the surface of a cylindrical substrate.
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8(HR) Heating Resistors
Token Heat Resistors - thermal far-infrared radiation ceramic glaze membrane components electric membrane is the introduction of new materials and new technologies produced a new generation of high-temperature membrane electric products.
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9(ZO, JW) Jumper Wire and Zero Ohm Resistors
Jumper wire (JW) and zero ohm resistors (ZO) are developed for the interconnection device Between points on a P.C. Board as jumper wires or Crossovers.
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10(SQ) Thermal Dissipation Ceramic Housed Resistors
Ceramic Cement (SQP, SQM, SQT, SQH, SQZ) resistors are made by winding resistance wires around non-alkaline ceramic core or metal oxide film rod, which is added with a layer of heat and humidity resistant and non-corrosive protective material.
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Resistor Glossary & Terminology

Fusible Resistor (Fuse Resistor, Circuit Protect Resistor)

Fusible resistors are the passive components of choice for many design engineers because they combine two roles: fuses and resistors. Using one component saves two component costs and PCB space.

The resistor designed to protect a circuit against overload; its resistance limits current flow and thereby protects against surges when power is first applied to a circuit; its fuse characteristic opens the circuit when current drain exceeds design limits.

Fusible thin-film resistors are ideal for low-power applications, while overload and surge handling are not too demanding. Control circuits and power supplies commonly used in power electric tools, kitchen appliances, communications equipment, utility meters, and smoke detectors often require more durable resistors to withstand higher power, higher short duration and higher temperatures.

These applications require resistors with different levels of surge handling and the conflicting requirements of fusing or failing without causing consequential damage, which is where wire wound fits the best.

Ayrton-Perry Winding

Winding of two wires in parallel but opposite directions to give better cancellation of magnetic fields than is obtained with a single winding.

Wirewound technology has long been known as a leading technology for power resistor needs. The most critical drawback with this technology is that it is inherently inductive.

This is logical given that a wirewound inductor and a wirewound resistor are made with essentially the same materials and processes. This fact limits the use of wirewounds for applications with high switching speeds, which require low inductance.

Now the same standard wirewounds can be used for these applications by using a non-inductively wound version. This manufacturing method greatly reduces the inductance of any given resistor size and value combination, however it does not completely eliminate the inductance.

A non-inductively wound wirewound has one winding in one direction and one in the other direction; known as Ayrton Perry winding. This non-inductive winding is available in all Token standard wire-wound resistor series.

Thermal Cutoff Resistor

A thermal fuse is a cutoff which uses a one-time fusible link. Unlike the thermostat which automatically resets itself when the temperature drops, the thermal fuse is more like an electrical fuse: a single-use device that cannot be reset and must be replaced when it fails or is triggered. A thermal fuse is most useful when the overheating is a result of a rare occurrence, such as failure requiring repair (which would also replace the fuse) or replacement at the end of service life.

Token offers "Thermal Cut-off Resistor", a thermal Cut-offs is a fusible alloy and a resistor is a voltage divider, both are surrounded by a ceramic cement with special resin. Under normal operating temperatures the fusible alloy joins the two lead wires within the body of the cutoff and the power resistor acts as a normal function resistor. When the preset temperature of the cutoff is reached, the fusible alloy melts and with the aid of the special resin, complete cutoff is ensured.

Thermal fuse resistors are usually found in heat-producing electrical appliances such as coffeemakers and hair dryers. They function as safety devices to disconnect the current to the heating element in case of a malfunction (such as a defective thermostat) that would otherwise allow the temperature to rise to dangerous levels, possibly starting a fire.

Anti-Surge Resistor (RCR)

Surges in electronic circuits are caused by internal conditions — switching operations from other electronic components or due to external conditions on the AC power mains — switching operations in the power grid or from nearby lightning strikes, either directly to the power distribution system or to nearby ground.

Electronic products have to be surge immune to ensure their continued reliable operation if subjected to realistic levels of surge voltages, and they are required to comply with safety requirements. Token's RCR series is a perfect fit when an anti-surge resistor is required.

Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)

A photoresistor or light dependent resistor or cadmium sulfide (CdS) cell is a resistor whose resistance decreases with increasing incident light intensity. It can also be referenced as a photoconductor.

A photoresistor is made of a high resistance semiconductor. If light falling on the device is of high enough frequency, photons absorbed by the semiconductor give bound electrons enough energy to jump into the conduction band. The resulting free electron (and its hole partner) conduct electricity, thereby lowering resistance.

Carbon Composition Resistor (CCR)

CCR is made up of a solid rod of conductive composite material, the chemical composition of which is altered to produce different resistance values. The general composition consists of the carbon conductor and ceramic filler materials.

By altering the ratio of filler to conductor it is possible to change the resistance value. Interference-fit end caps are attached to the rods, leads are welded onto these caps, and the resistor body is then protected with a specially formulated epoxy coating. The resistors are then colour code marked.

PDF Catalogue

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Select Resistors With Optimum Technology to Best Match The Performance

Comparision of Axial Lead Resistor Characteristics Table

Characteristics Thin Film Thick Film Wire Wound Alloy Strip
Carbon Film Metal Film Metal Oxide Film Metal Glaze Film Standard Non-Inductive
Tolerance (%) ±0.01              
±0.02              
±0.05              
±0.1              
±0.25              
±0.5              
±1.0              
±2.0              
±5.0              
±10              
Temperature Coefficient (PPM/°C) 5              
10              
15              
25              
50              
100              
200              
400              
1,000              
Operating Temperature Range (°C) 200              
165              
125              
70              
40              
10              
Wattage (W) 1/16              
1/8              
1/4              
1/2              
1              
2              
3              
5              
10              
Resistance Range (Ω) 0.1              
1              
10              
100              
1K              
10K              
100K              
1M              
10M              
Volume Size Standard Standard Standard Standard Standard Bigger Compact
High Frequency Available Available Available Available None Available Available
Cost Cheap Fair Fair Fair High High Fair
Noise Fair Good Fair Fair Fair Good Good
Stability Fair Excellent Good Good Excellent Good Excellent

Comparision of Axial Lead Resistor Functions Table

Class Advantage Disadvantage
Carbon Resistors Cheap, General Purposes High TCR,
Metal Film Resistors Low TCR, Tight Tolerance, High Stabililty Fair Withstanding Voltage
Metal Oxide Resistors Replace high resistance wire wound resistor, Good withstanding voltage Resistance Range Limitation,Fair Tolerance
Wirewound Resistors High Pulse Load, Anti-Surge,High Stabililty High Inductance, Resistance Range Limitation
Non-Inductive Resistors High Pulse Load, Anti-Surge, High Stabililty Resistance Range Limitation, High Cost
Ceramic Housed Cement Resistors Rugged, excellent heat dissipation, withstanding high temperature Heavy Weight, Big Volume
Metal Glaze Resistors High Pulse Load, Anti-Surge, High Stabililty High TCR, Fair Tolerance
Alloy Strip Low TCR, Low Ohmic Fair Tolerance

PDF Catalogue

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General Information of Fixed Resistors

General Use

When an ambient temperature exceeds a rated ambient temperature, resistor shall be applied on the derating curve by derating the load power.

General purpose resistor under overloads is not combustion resistant and is likely to emit, flame, gas, smoke, red heat, etc. Flame retardant resistor generally emit smoke and red heat in a certain power and over but do not emit fire or flame.

When resistors are shielded or coated with resin etc., stress from the storage heat and the resin are applied. So, performance and reliability should be checked well before use.

When a voltage higher than rated is applied in a short time (single pulse, repeated pulses, surge, etc.), it does not necessarily ensure safety that an effective wattage is not higher than a rated wattage. Then consult with us with your specified pulse wave shape. Resistors shall be used in a condition causing no dew condensation.

Keep temperature from rising by choosing resistor with a higher rated capacity; do not use a component having the exact load value required. For considerations of safety in extended period applications, the rating should be more than four times higher than the actual wattage involved, but never use resistors at less than 25% of its rated power.

In applications where resistors are subject to intermittent current surges and spikes, be sure in advance that the components selected are capable of withstanding brief durations of increased load.

Do not exceed the recommended rated load. Resistor must used within the rated voltage range to prevent the shortening of service life and/or failure of the wound resistance elements.

Minimum load: Resistor must be utilized at 1/10 or more of the rated voltage to prevent poor conductance due to oxidation build-up. For basic particulars for cautions, refer to EIAJ Technical Report RCR-2121 "Guidance for care note on fixed-resistors".

General Purpose Resistors With Customized Service

Token Electronics is expanding business to include a broad range of General Purpose Resistor products designed for high volume applications.

This expanded range of commercial resistor presents a more comprehensive product offering for Customer Experience Management (CEM) and other high volume customers that require quality products at competitive pricing.

Backed by the same customer service, technical support and quality assurance that Token has always provided, these new commercial products enable you the opportunity to source a wider range of resistors from a trusted supplier.

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